Chapter 3 the food system and factors affecting household food security and nutrition. Although the proportion of hungry people in the world is slowly decreasing, there are presently 852 million people worldwide who are chronically undernourished. The empirical results from logistic regression revealed that the gender of the head of household, diseases and pests, labor supply, flooding. Factors affecting, food security, urban, rural, farming households, nigeria 1. Factors affecting household food security in a rural. Pdf building household and community resilience has become an equation in modern social sciences investigating the impact of current. Factors contributing to household food insecurity in mhlontlo. Poverty and food insecurity remain as the major challenges to achieve economic development in ethiopia. The regression model for food access table 3 can be considered adequate f 12. May 26, 2016 how to address factors that affect food security. Factors that influence household and individual food.
Chapter 4 factors affecting food security master hdfs. Indeed, resilience is the capacity to endure shocks and stresses and bounce back 7. It sought the view of smallholder farmers on the level of availability of food at the household level and identified factors affecting the sustainability of farming projects. Zimbabwe food security brief page 4 the following definitions guide the analysis of the food security brief. This article examines factors influencing household food security among smallholder farmers in. Analysis of factors affecting food security in rural 58 2. In uganda about 9 million people suffer from food insecurity and even those who have food, dont eat in a balanced manner fao, 2015. Socioeconomic factors were affecting the household food insecurity status. Factors affecting household food security in rural. Factors affecting food security and contribution of modern. This is a standardized framework for situation analysis expressed in a scale that integrates food security, nutrition and livelihood related information into a clear statement of food security status. Model result a combination of socioeconomic, environmental and institutional factors influence and create a problems on rural household food security position.
Factors contributing to household food insecurity in. Key factors influencing food security of smallholder. Factors influencing household food security in west africa mdpi. Sustainability in food production and stable food trade are the underpinnings of food security. The random sampling technique was applied to collected data from 294. Socioeconomic factors affecting smallholder farming and. An introduction to the basic concepts of food security. Famine is an absolute lack of food affecting a large population for a long time period. A binary logistic regression technique was used to determine the factors that influence household food insecurity.
The specific objectives werea to establish the level of knowledge about food security b to establish the level of food production at household level c to assess the impact of food insecurity at household level on family members. Based on survey data covering 500 households, drought, high food prices, poverty. Household dietary diversity indicator guide for measurement of household food access, v. They were to strongly agree, agree, strongly disagree, disagree and no opinion. For the household, the pivotal role belongs to food. Chapter 3 the food system and factors affecting household. Ruralurban food security food security and food availability can be considered at two different points. Famine and hunger result from the lack of food security. Key factors influencing food security of smallholder farmers. Chapter 3 the food system and factors affecting household food security and nutrition the food system and household food security. Magnitude and associated factors of household food.
Factors contributing to household food insecurity in mhlontlo area, eastern cape, south africa. In this approach any situation is viewed in terms of relationships and integration. For the factors affecting food security to be addressed, the input of governments, policy makers, nongovernmental agencies and individual households is required. The objectives of this study were to determine the influencing factors on the household food insecurity status. Better understanding of major determinants of food security at household level is important to design appropriate interventions in order to ensure food security for food insecure households in ethiopia.
Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed to obtain a sample of 180 respondents, 90 households head each from rural and urban areas. Socioeconomic factors affecting food security in households. This study examined factors contributing to food security project sustainability. More studies seem to be essential in order to provide practical solutions to reduce the severity of food insecurity. All title ii programs have improvements in food security as their core objective. Household dietary diversity score hdds for measurement. Concerns about insufficient food access have resulted in a greater policy focus on incomes, expenditure, markets and prices in achieving food security objectives. There are several factors that could lead to household food security. For the household, the pivotal role belongs to food entitlements, and food insecurity may be proximately understood in terms of entitlement failures. Therefore, it is of great relevance to identify key factors affecting households resilience to food insecurity in order to better face the adverse effect of climatic shocks. Factors affecting household food security in rural northern hinterland.
Households daily calorie availability was measured to determine household food security status. They found that age, gender, education attainment, remittances, unemployment, inflation, assets and disease were the most significant factors in determining food security. Factors influencing household food security among smallholder. Factors contributing to household food insecurity in mhlontlo area, eastern cape, south africa bolyn mosa selepe and university of zululand samela shalom mtyingizane university of zululand mfundo mandla masuku university of zululand department of anthropology and development studies kwadlangezwa 3886 email. The effect of education on household food security in two. The main threats to food security are 1 world population growth, 2 the increase demand for food, 3 food price, 4 the disappearance of the variety of agricultural plant species 4 the increase in the area of scarcity water and the limitation of the availability of land and 5 the food losses and food waste. Individual, household, and environmental factors affecting. Results results of the 1sample t test shows that average dimen sions of sustainable food security in the study area were less than desirable figures 3. These factors not only influence the food requirements of household but also negatively affect their lives. The level of food consumption is strongly related to.
Food security is a measure of the availability of food and individuals ability to access it. This article examines factors influencing household food security among smallholder farmers in mudzi district of zimbabwe. Since food is the most important item of the consumption basket, an analysis of the changes in food consumption pattern over time has a special significance which is the most important component for low and middle income groups. This crosssectional study conducted on 2500 households selected from qaresoo region in the northwest of iran. The level of food consumption is strongly related to external environment the economy. This chapter examines factors that affect food security at both household and other levels of analysis.
Crops like rice which is grown in the asian countries where it acts as the stable food for most asians have been affected by these changes. Subsequently, this paper has addressed the socio economic factors affecting food security in the dry land ecosystems using tseikuru division as a case study. Factors of food insecurity 557 words 2 pages food insecurity is defined as access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life, and at a minimum includes the following. Pdf factors influencing household food security status.
Following the approach of hoddinot, the indicator is composed of different foods. It will specifically focus on the food security projects in kajiado county funded between the year 2008 and the year 20. More studies seem to be essential in order to provide practical solutions to reduce. Introduction the attainment of food security in any country is usually an insurance against hunger and malnutrition, both of which slow down economic development davis, 2009. Logistic regression model was used to identify the factors affecting food security in the region. Factors influencing household food security in west africa. The supply side of food security, food availability refers to the physical existence of food, from a households own production or from markets, including commercial food imports and food aid. We also provided food balance sheets for some farming households in one village in central zambia. Generally, factors such as income level, health, food output, infrastructure, access to markets, natural disasters, drought, etc determine whether rural farming households could attain food security or not songsore, 2001. The approaches to measure household food security in this study were the household food insecurity access scale hfais developed by coates et al. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and identify the associated factors of household food insecurity in fedis woreda that has. This is because food insecurity is a global issue that cannot be addressed by a single country or entity.
The aim of this study is to look at the status of food security and to identify its determinants in the rural ethiopia. Though agriculture is obstructed by a number of both endogenous and exogenous problems, it is the dominant generator of means of livelihoods for the majority of people in the least developing countries like ethiopia. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, food security. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that affect rural household food security in northern area of pakistan.
Factors affecting household food security in rural northern. A case study research design was used in this study. Therefore, the probability of being food secure can be written as follows. Agriculture food and nutrition for africa a resource book for. Pdf factors affecting household food security in rural northern. This study was conducted to identify major factors influencing farm household food security and coping strategies employed to cope with food shortfall. Effects of climate change which include rises in the average temperatures, floods and droughts are some of the factors that are affecting food production which in turn affects food security. However, the effect of education is mixed and remains understudied in low income countries. At first a food security index z was constructed and food security status of each household was determined based on the food security line using the. Household food security status measured by a validated short. Poverty and food insecurity continue to feature prominently in the global agenda, with particularly close attention being paid to the determinants of food insecurity. The perception underlying the systems approach is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Therefore, governments and nongovernmental organizations need to employ strategies that will ensure poverty reduction and improve food.
Factors influencing household food security status sharafkhani rahim1, dastgiri saeed2. Effects of socioeconomic factors on food security situation. Socioeconomic factors affecting food security in households of elderly persons in imenti central sub county, meru county, kenya by naomi karea samwel reg. The strategies include measures such as reducing food intake or selling livestock for. Rural household food security status and its determinants. Factors affecting food security this chapter examines factors that affect food security at both household and other levels of analysis.
Household dietary diversity score hdds for measurement of. A number of factors can affect food security including population growth. Data for this study were collected from 120 randomly selected households, using a structured questionnaire. Value chain innovation platforms for food security. At first a food security index z was constructed and food security status of each household was determined based on the food security line using the recommended daily calorie intake approach and then a logit. Using longitudinal data collected between 2007 and 2012 in kenya, we investigated the effect of household education attainment on. Pdf factors affecting household food security in rural. The choice of the study was that despite of the continuing support and implementation of food related projects in kajiado county.
Pdf factors influencing household food security in west africa. Abstract poor nutrition can lead to reduced immunity, impaired physical and mental development and reduced productivity. Based on survey data covering 500 households, drought, high food prices, poverty, soil infertility, disease and insect attacks are reported by the respondents to be the main causes of food insecurity. Explaining the household food insecurity situation and identifying associated factors will help in making better decision and resource allocation. Request pdf factors affecting food security and contribution of modern technologies in food sustainability the concept of food insecurity is complex and goes beyond the simplistic idea of a. Food security a person, household or community, region or nation is food securewhen all members at all. Factors affecting household food security in rural northern hinterland of pakistan. Factors affecting rural households resilience to food. A food security assessment may be required when living conditions in an areacountry change, and. Determinants of rural households food security in shiselweni. This paper identifies the factors that influence the household and individual food consumption. The study examined factors affecting household food security status among rural and urban farming households of benue state, nigeria. Analysis of factors affecting sustainable food security. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the status of food security in the study area, to identify the major determinants of food security among the rural household, and to identify coping strategies employed by different food security status groups to cope with food insecurity.
Food utilization utilization is commonly understood as the way the body makes the most of various nutrients in the food. Jun 16, 2018 eggs, milk, manure, skins and honey were mentioned as the main products. The integrated food security phase classification ipc is a tool to classify severity of food insecurity based on a range of livelihood needs. There is evidence of food security being a concern many thousands of years ago, with central authorities in ancient china and ancient egypt being known to release food from storage in times of famine.
To identify the factors influencing the food security status of farming households, two stages of analysis were done. The amount of time individuals spend preparing food for consumption in the household is affected by household and individual factors such as earnings. This study examined the factors that affect household food security in mtwara rural district. Sixitem short form 3 households that reply negative answer to six items or only a positive answer classified high or marginal food security hfs, households with 24 posi tive answer classified low food security lfs and those answered 56 positive answer classified very low food security vlfs. However due to unequal access to food, 25% of the worlds population is undernourished, and 10% is starving. Any of the abovementioned factors can cause food insecurity. The outcome variable was food security with a value of 1 denoting positive answer food security and 0 indicating a negative answer food insecurity. Ensuring food security is equated to avoidance of famine and hunger. No c50754562009 a research project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of master of arts in sociology rural. Food insecurity is defined as the disruption of food intake or eating patterns because of lack of money and other resources. Food insecurity is a major challenge for niger and for many african countries. These people tend to rely on a range of strategies to cope with periods of food insecurity shumsky et al. These explanatory variables hypothesized to influence household food.
Determinants of households food security and coping. Threats to food security and common agricultural policy 2796 kcal daily by each inhabitant of the earth. Subsequently, this paper has addressed the socio economic factors affecting food security in the dry land ecosystems using tseikuru division as a. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting household food security in niger. We also consider the other household factors that have been documented in the literature to have direct effects on household food security. The pooled data for this study were obtained from the. During qualitative interviews, two farmers emphasized that they would like to increase their livestock to enhance food security. At the 1974 world food conference the term food security was.